2281_s26_gt — 2026 May-June Economics 2281 Grade Threshold · Cambridge CAIE O Level

Not developing answers beyond the initial point — stating a factor without explaining its consequence

“While they correctly identified a relevant factor, they did not develop their answer and therefore didn't gain additional marks.”— 2281 Paper 21, May/June 2023

How to fix: After every point you make, add a 'so' or 'this means that' sentence. For example: 'Storage of coal is difficult (point) → so supply cannot easily be increased in the short term → this makes PES inelastic (development).' Each point needs at least one development sentence to earn the second mark.

Confusing a movement along a demand curve with a shift of demand

“Those candidates who chose option D confused a movement along a demand curve with a shift of demand. When the demand curve shifts, it is referred to as an increase in demand. A movement along a demand curve is referred to as an extension of demand.”— 2281 Paper 11, May/June 2023

How to fix: A SHIFT of demand (increase/decrease) is caused by non-price factors (income, tastes, substitutes, complements, population). A MOVEMENT along the demand curve (extension/contraction) is caused only by a change in the good's own price. If the question says 'increase in demand' it means the whole curve shifts. If it says 'extension of demand' it means price fell and quantity demanded rose along the same curve.

Confusing productivity with production

“Recognise that productivity does not have the same meaning as production. Most PE reports mention this but candidates continue to write productivity when they mean production.”— 2281 Paper 22, May/June 2023

How to fix: Production = total output (e.g. a factory makes 1000 units). Productivity = output per unit of input (e.g. each worker makes 50 units per hour). If the question asks about productivity, you must discuss efficiency and output-per-worker. If it asks about production, discuss total output levels. Never use these words interchangeably.