Subject-specialist worked solutions — every mark explained. Topical & Yearly Solved, Revision Notes, Predicted Papers. Explore →

IB · Individuals and Societies · 448 Papers

Philosophy Past Papers 2026

Browse all available Philosophy sessions from 2009-2025. This archive currently includes 448 official papers and 0 donated papers.

33

Sessions

448

Papers

448

Official

2009-2025

Years

November 2025

Latest Session

33

Sessions

2009–2025

192

Question Papers

159

Markschemes

83% coverage

Components & time pressure

Marks per minute = how fast you have to write. Anything above 0.85 is tight; above 1.0 is brutal.

PaperComponentMarksDurationMarks / minPressure
Paper 1Core Theme + Optional Themes (Stimulus + Essay)752h 30m0.50Steady
Paper 2Prescribed Philosophical Text (HL/SL same paper)251h0.42Steady
Paper 3Open Philosophical Activity (HL only) — Methodology & Critical Discussion251h 15m0.33Steady

Components: 3 papers, up to 3 variants each. Component data extracted from 3 official IB subject reports (2024, 2025).

Free past papers

Yearly Exam Sessions

From subject reports

What IB examiners say about Philosophy

Verbatim quotes from 3 official IB subject reports (2025–2024). Every quote is attributable to a specific paper and session — these are the things IB markers flag year after year.

Organising the essay around the stimulus instead of…

Organising the essay around the stimulus: This was again a major issue in some centres this year, where students had clearly not been explained the nature of the task properly. The structure of the essay should be centred on an analysis of the philosophical issue, not an analysis of the stimulus.
IB examiner, IA, May 2025 TZ2/TZ3

Failing to address the specific demands of the question

A central problem was the failure to carefully consider the specific demands of the question. Some answers ignore the question entirely, applying what they have learnt and reshaping the question's aims to suit a memorised answer. Many answers pay no attention to the central instruction given by the command words 'discuss' or 'evaluate'.
IB examiner, Paper 1, May 2025 TZ3

Using too many theories or philosophers

Use of too many theories: Attempting to discuss too many theories (more than three) in one essay can lead to shallow explanations and superficial analysis and evaluation. This often happens because students run out words to explore each theory in depth.
IB examiner, IA, May 2024 TZ1
See how to avoid these in the Philosophy exam guide
About

About IB Philosophy

IB Philosophy is a Group 3 subject that develops students' capacity for clear and reasoned thinking through the study of major philosophical questions. Core topics include the nature of philosophy, being human, and social and political philosophy. Students also study one optional theme and complete an Internal Assessment based on a philosophical analysis of a non-philosophical stimulus.

IB Philosophy is available at SL and HL. HL students additionally study two prescribed texts in depth and sit a separate paper. The subject rewards clear argumentation, logical structure, and engagement with multiple philosophical perspectives.

Assessment

Exam Format

Paper 1 (SL: 1 hr / HL: 1 hr)

Unseen stimulus material with short-answer questions testing philosophical reasoning and conceptual analysis.

Paper 2 (SL: 1 hr 45 min / HL: 1 hr 45 min)

Optional theme questions and extended philosophical essay.

Paper 3 (HL only: 1 hr 45 min)

Questions on prescribed texts.

Levels

SL vs HL

HL Philosophy adds Paper 3 (prescribed texts) and requires deeper engagement with the optional theme and core topics.

Revision

Study Tips for IB Philosophy

  • Always define philosophical terms precisely at the start of essay answers.
  • Use named philosophers and their specific arguments — vague references to 'philosophers' score poorly.
  • Structure arguments logically: claim, justification, counter-argument, rebuttal.
  • For Paper 1 unseen stimuli, identify the philosophical question the stimulus raises before answering.
FAQs

Questions, answered.

Optional themes include: Aesthetics, Epistemology, Philosophy of Religion, Political Philosophy, Philosophy of Science, and Ethics.

IB Philosophy is a Group 3 (Individuals and Societies) subject, classified as a humanities subject.